Sunday, August 23, 2020

Entrepreneurship And Selling Essay Example for Free

Enterprise And Selling Essay 1.0 Introduction There are different sorts of white espresso are selling in the market at present. In this way, I might want to share about my new image of white espresso, Fah Sin white espresso. As we as a whole know, this industry in Malaysia is notable, with various brands, for example, Old Town White Coffee, Nescafe White Coffee, Ipoh White Coffee thus numerous others. For this item that I am going to share, is it completely claimed without anyone else. Hence, this is a completely sole-owner organization. Before we go any further, let us glance through the historical backdrop of white espresso. White Coffee is a local result of Malaysia. Malaysia Origin White Coffee is made of very much picked Liberica, Arabica and Robusta espresso beans and premium skim milk, handling in mellow low-temperature preparing and exceptional procedure to evacuate the severe and harsh taste cause by high-temperature flame broiled, and limit the caffeine, sharpness and acridity to the most reduced with no added substances included, extraordinary smell, delicate to stomach and hold the first shading and kind of espresso, the shading is more gentler than the customary espresso, light brilliant yellow with unadulterated old style taste. The white espresso is a remarkable espresso drinks in Malaysia with around 100 years of history. White espresso doesn’t mean the shade of espresso is white; it is made of very much picked Liberica, Arabice and Robusta espresso beans, preparing without caramel at direct low-temperature which takes 2.5 occasions longer than the high-temperature charcoal heating, and granulate into espresso powder. It evacuates the sear and acrid taste cause by normal high temperature singed and charcoal simmered, yet holds the common flavor and rich smell of the espresso, significant fragrant and perfection. Delicate to stomach, don't get aroused, low caffeine, unadulterated gentle quality, suits the prerequisites for present day taste of existence with extraordinary smell. 2.0 General Macro Environment Elements. Enterprise can be characterized as the technique for using one’s individual innovativeness and creativity to get changes to a previously existing business or to start another business with the end goal of creating and growing it and make it a financially gainful endeavor. To guarantee this new item could make a triumph and another effect on the general population, we need to consider the endeavors of condition evaluation. The accompanying chart gives a more clear vision of the significant pieces of the evaluation. As a business person, we need to take a gander at the variables that is encompassing in our general public, so as to accomplish the objective deals that we plan. The large scale conditions incorporate the significant powers that demonstration on the firm itself, yet in addition on its rivals and on components in the miniaturized scale condition. The large scale condition will in general be harder to impact than does the small scale condition, however this doesn't imply that organizations should just stay uninvolved; the powerlessness to control doesn't infer a failure to impact. Frequently the full scale condition can be impacted by acceptable advertising exercises. The primary components of the full scale condition are known as PEST, which implies: P †Political and Legislation. E †Economy S †Socio-Cultural T †Technology 2.1 Political and Legislation †Political factors regularly sway on business: late models are the overall development towards privatization of previous government-possessed utilities and organizations, and the move away from assurance of workers’ rights. Firms should have the option to react to the predominant political atmosphere, and alter the promoting strategy as needs be. For instance, British Telecom, Deutsche Telekom and Telstra of Australia have all needed to make significant rearrangements to their advertising approaches since being privatized, and specifically since seeing a rise in serious levels. Practically all the firms’ exercises have been influenced, from cutting the lead time among requesting and acquiring another phone, through to value rivalry because of competitors’ cut-cost significant distance and universal calls. English Telecom was the UK’s fifth greatest high-roller on promoting during 2003. This portion is the field where diverse intrigue bunches go after consideration and assets. This is the place I can practice my political force by obeying and stick to the approach, enactment and guidelines on how the business works. There are 2 kinds of issue which we have to consider, which is the worldwide issues and the national issues. With respect to my organization, I will just need to watch the national issues, where tax collection and guidelines are increasingly significant. The explanation is on the grounds that the effect of tax collection on business activities can decrease the money accessible for undertakings to contribute while some assessments are good for just certain business and disadvantageous to other people. 2.2 Economy †Economic components envelop such regions as the blast/bust cycle, and the development in joblessness in certain pieces of the nation because of the end of customary ventures. Large scale financial variables manage the administration of interest in the economy; the fundamental components governments use for this are loan cost controls, tax assessment arrangement and government use. In the event that the administration expands consumption (or decreases tax assessment), there will be more cash in the economy and request will rise; if tax collection is expanded (or use cut), there will be less cash for shoppers to spend, so request will recoil. Increases in financing costs will in general diminish request, as home advances become increasingly costly and Visa charges rise. This factor assumes a fundamental job in the achievement or disappointment of another business. As a business visionary, we have to examine this factor at the worldwide, national and neighborhood level s. In the interim, we should likewise examine, screen, figure and evaluate the macroeconomic elements that can influence the new business. 2.3 Socio-Cultural †This factor comprises of two significant related angles: 2.3.1 Demographic changes: It occurs because of changes in the populace, ethnic gatherings, and populace structures as indicated by age, sex, topographical area, and their salary. These components will plainly give the information of consumers’ request, purchasing power and mechanical limit. We have to survey these adjustments so as to distinguish our business openings. Segment changes can effectsly affect organizations: the declining birth rate in most Western nations obviously affects deals of infant items, yet will inevitably affect the arrangement of state benefits as the resigned must be bolstered by an ever-contracting number of individuals of working age. In like manner, changes in the ethnic structure of urban areas or in the populace focus (with barely any individuals living in the downtown areas of huge urban areas) cause changes in the interest for nearby administrations and retailers, and (all the more unobtrusively) changes in the sort of merchandise and enterprises requested. 2.3.2 Social patterns: This identify with the way of life of an individual. We likewise need to screen the way of life changes so as to distinguish business openings. In any case, yet, as a business person, we likewise need to estimate and survey the importance of changes for our business by taking a gander at their own personal circumstance. 2.4 Technology †This is additionally a fundamental factor for another endeavor through item improvement and commercialization. Mechanical change occurs in two structures: 2.4.1 Pure Invention: This alludes to the formation of something new that is unique in relation to existing innovation or item. Typically it has monetary worth and has no contenders at starting stages and it is frequently restraining infrastructure by person. Be that as it may, there will be no market at the beginning time. Then again, new innovations can make new markets and open doors for business. For instance, the development of semiconductors made business openings in PCs and cell phones. 2.4.2 †Process Innovation: This alludes to the little changes in plan, item detailing and assembling, materials and conveyance. Filtering and checking changes in innovation are difficult assignments because of data isn't effectively accessible. 3.0 Elements of Macro Environment That Affects Our Organization. At the absolute starting point, we have glance through all the main considerations or the large scale condition components. Would we be able to find what the components that may influence our new business are? We need to gather more data and information before we can dispatch another item and to do explores about our country’s current circumstance. 3.1 - Political and Legislation: Malaysia is a serene nation. We have no wars contrasted with different nations like Israel or Pakistan. We have additionally numerous sorts of ethnic in Malaysia, where we have malay, chinese, Indian, kadazan thus numerous others. Our enactment is constrained by our decision government and we in every case live in harmony and amicability. 3.2 - Economy: Malaysia economy is developing quickly, with numerous abroad financial specialists and furthermore new pursuits. This expanded the working chances and the normal salary of a nearby resea rcher is RM 1800.00 †RM 2500.00, and along these lines this will likewise assist with expanding the purchasing power. 3.3 - Socio-Cultural: If we look carefully to the way of life of the working grown-ups, we are consistently occupied and continually searching for something moment to eat or drink during in the workplace. In this manner, our new white espresso is exceptionally helpful and appropriate for working grown-ups as it is a 3 of every 1 espresso parcel. Drinking espresso additionally consider as a culture to working grown-ups, to support up their endurance while at work. 3.4 Technology: As for this white espresso, we have our own one of a kind innovative work group. We are additionally intending to include other home grown plants into this white espresso as an added substance fixings with the goal that our espresso will taste better contrasted with other brand. Business enterprise, as examined prior, includes all the parts of the new pursuit and the business visionary can confront difficulties from every one of them. For cases, the accounts for

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Municipal Recycling Is Not Mandatory in All U.S. Cities

Metropolitan Recycling Is Not Mandatory in All U.S. Urban areas Obligatory reusing is a hard sell in the United States, where the economy runs to a great extent along free market lines and landfilling waste stays reasonable and effective. At the point when the examination firm Franklin Associates analyzed the issue 10 years back, it found that the estimation of the materials recouped from curbside reusing was far not exactly the additional expenses of assortment, transportation, arranging and handling acquired by districts. Reusing Often Costs More Than Sending Waste to Landfills Straightforward, reusing still costs more than landfilling in many regions. This reality, combined with the disclosure that the supposed â€Å"landfill crisis† of the mid-1990s may have been exaggerated a large portion of our landfills despite everything have a significant limit and don't present wellbeing perils to encompassing networks implies that reusing has not gotten in transit a few naturalists were trusting it would. Instruction, Logistics and Marketing Strategies Can Lower Recycling Costs In any case, numerous urban areas have discovered approaches to reuse monetarily. They have reduced expenses by downsizing the recurrence of curbside pickups and robotizing arranging and handling. They’ve likewise discovered bigger, increasingly rewarding markets for the recyclables, for example, creating nations anxious to reuse our push off things. Expanded endeavors by green gatherings to instruct the general population about the advantages of reusing have additionally made a difference. Today, many U.S. urban areas are occupying as much as 30 percent of their strong waste streams to reusing. Reusing Is Mandatory in Some U.S. Urban communities While reusing stays a possibility for most Americans, a couple of urban communities, for example, Pittsburgh, San Diego, and Seattle, have made reusing required. Seattle passed its compulsory reusing law in 2006 as a manner to counter declining reusing rates there. Recyclables are currently restricted from both private and business trash. Organizations must sort for reusing all paper, cardboard and yard squander. Family units must reuse all essential recyclables, for example, paper, cardboard, aluminum, glass, and plastic. Required Recycling Customers Fined or Denied Service for Non-Compliance Organizations with trash compartments â€Å"contaminated† with more than 10 recyclables are given admonitions and in the long run fines in the event that they don’t consent. Family unit trash jars with recyclables in them are just not gathered until the recyclables are expelled to the reusing canister. In the interim, a bunch of different urban areas, including Gainesville, Florida and Honolulu, Hawaii, expect organizations to reuse, however not yet living arrangements. New York City: A Case Study for Recycling In maybe the most well known instance of a city putting reusing to the monetary test, New York, a national chief on reusing, chose to stop its least savvy reusing programs (plastic and glass) in 2002. In any case, rising landfill costs gobbled up the $39 million reserve funds anticipated. Thus, the city reestablished plastic and glass reusing and focused on a 20-year contract with the country’s biggest private reusing firm, Hugo Neu Corporation, which constructed a best in class office along South Brooklyn’s waterfront. There, mechanization has smoothed out the arranging procedure, and its simple access to rail and canal boats has cut both the natural and transportation costs recently caused by utilizing trucks. The new arrangement and new office have made reusing substantially more proficient for the city and its inhabitants, demonstrating for the last time that capably run reusing projects can really set aside cash, landfill space, and the earth. EarthTalk is a normal element of E/The Environmental Magazine. Chosen EarthTalk sections are reproduced on About Environmental Issues by consent of the editors of E.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Electrochemical Process of Anodizing Aluminum †Science Essay

Electrochemical Process of Anodizing Aluminum †Science Essay Free Online Research Papers Electrochemical Process of Anodizing Aluminum Science Essay In the 1920’s, aluminum immediately got one of the most significant metals on the planet because of its lightweight, quality, creation adaptability and toughness. Soon after, anodizing was created to give the compound an incredibly hard, tough, consumption safe completion that was dependable. In the wake of perusing this paper, you will effectively comprehend the anodizing procedure and why it makes for such a decent completion on almost all combination metals. Anodizing likewise has numerous advantages with not many side-effects and is extremely practical. You may ask yourself, what is anodizing and how is it achieved? To streamline the procedure, anodizing is just an electrochemical procedure by which aluminum is changed over into and aluminum oxide on the outside of a section. The procedure is genuinely basic including of an anodizing arrangement normally made of sulfuric corrosive. A cathode is set to the negative terminal of a voltage source and put in the arrangement, while an aluminum piece is associated with the positive voltage source and put in the acidic arrangement. At the point when the circuit is turned on, the oxygen in the acidic arrangement will be expelled from the water particles and join with the aluminum on the part to frame an aluminum oxide covering. The resultant completion expands consumption opposition; builds wear obstruction, can be shaded through kicking the bucket, and is likewise an astounding base for preliminary or other auxiliary coatings. Throughout the most recent couple of decades, various kinds of anodizing forms have been grown, yet there are three fundamental varieties utilized in aluminum anodizing. Chromic anodizing utilizes a chromic corrosive electrolyte to yield the most slender covering out of the three primary sorts of anodizing running from .05 to .1 millimeters thick. Chromic anodizing likewise decreases the weakness quality of the aluminum not exactly the other three techniques. Sulfuric anodizing produces a covering under 1 millimeter thick that is likewise more solid than a chromic finish. Sulfuric completions produce magnificent outcomes from coloring yielding profound and rich hues. The third normal procedure is known as hard coat anodizing. An amalgam with a hard coat finish will be the most impervious to wear and typically utilized in high wear circumstances. Anodizing is one of only a handful hardly any completions that fulfill almost the entirety of the variables that ought to be viewed as while considering an aluminum finish. On of the most significant variables is toughness. Anodized items have an incredibly long life expectancy and require next to no upkeep. Scars and wear marks from manufacture and taking care of are nearly non-existent and a basic cleaning with gentle cleanser and water for the most part restores the completion to its unique condition. Another explanation anodizing has become so well known is a direct result of the a wide range of ways and dynamic hues accessible to cover a combination with. Shading is ordinarily gotten through two unique techniques. The main strategy is known as electrolytic shading and is a two stage technique. After the composite is anodized, the metal is drenched in a shower containing inorganic metal salt. Current is applied which stores the metal salt in the base of the pores. The resultant shading is dependant on the material utilized and the handling conditions. Generally utilized metals incorporate tin, cobalt, nickel, and copper. This procedure is the most flexible and the most actually propelled shading quality. The subsequent strategy, known as basic shading, consolidates anodizing and shading to at the same time structure and shading the oxide cell. Necessary shading is the most costly procedure since it requires altogether increasingly electrical capacity to create a similar completio n. Shading coatings are entirely steady to bright beams and don't chip or strip. Right now, there are many shading choices and styles accessible with anodizing. In any case, anodizing offers the combination to hold its metallic appearance not at all like artistic creation or powder covering. From the start, anodizing may give off an impression of being a hazardous procedure. Be that as it may, anodizing is natural amicable and moderately alright for human contact. Anodizing utilizes straightforward water-based synthetic concoctions that can be handily treated and discharge no destructive side-effects. The fluid side-effects are reused and come back to the anodizing procedure. Strong side-effects are isolated and extricated for use in the assembling of aluminum, preparing powder, beautifying agents, newsprint, compost, and water cleaning frameworks. The primary side-effect caused from the anodizing procedure made basically out of aluminum hydroxide, some aluminum sulfate, and water. Be that as it may, this result is innocuous on the grounds that it contains no huge measures of overwhelming metals. Anodizing plants must be all around ventilated and laborers are painstakingly prepared for acidic material use. Negligible defensive gear is required and no costly, overwhelming , wellbeing hardware is required. Through numerous times of work, anodizing has advanced into probably the best completion accessible for amalgam metals. It might be the toughness of the completion, the unequaled bond, the dynamic hues, the outrageous protection from erosion and wear, or the ecologically sheltered procedure used to acquire the completion. These characteristics make anodizing the head finish and sets the bar to which all other amalgam completions ought to be contrasted with. Research Papers on Electrochemical Process of Anodizing Aluminum - Science EssayIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalDefinition of Export QuotasBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemResearch Process Part OneGenetic EngineeringMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThree Concepts of PsychodynamicEffects of Television Violence on Children

Counterterrorism vs Civil Liberties

The fall of Hussein’s system denoted the beginning of the backing towards counterterrorism. The war between the United States and the previous Iraqi government had truly cut off the relationship of the two states (Davis, 2002). The war finished with the US as the victor. However the genuine fight has not been begun at this point. There are as yet potential powers that are extremely equipped for pulverizing the world request once more. Osama Bin Laden and his Al Qaeda bunch are not yet caught. Henceforth, there are explanations behind US not to take its eyes off on the chance of another flare-up might be it in the Middle East or wherever in the globe.What Counterterrorism Is? Counterterrorism relates to the procedures and techniques that are equipped against fear based oppression (Howard and Sawyer, 2005). Counterterrorism doesn't confine itself from exclusively being framed and utilized by a specific government. It incorporates all gatherings and segments of the general public . It is difficult to make the support towards counterterrorism without requiring the assistance of different organizations such the business division. Surely, the residents of the state must be all around educated about the extension and confinements of such crusade to get their points of view in regards to it.The battle for counterterrorism begins with an arrangement. In the detailing of the arrangement, different methodologies, strategies, and procedures are additionally evolved to react to fear based oppressor assaults. The arrangement typically incorporates â€Å"special forces† and groups that are legitimately liable for the execution of specific systems against the psychological oppressors (Howard and Sawyer, 2005). In this contemporary period, crusades for counterterrorism are turning out to be predominant in the Western areas as well as in the Eastern and Southern regions.The United States has begun to request bolster structure its partnered nations to appear its arra ngement of battling fear based oppression. US Policy on Counterterrorism As referenced in the presentation, the extraordinary endeavors of the US to fortify its situation against fear mongering began after the September 11 shelling which put the entire of US in enormous outrage. The US drafted a national just as global strategy against psychological warfare. The US Counterterrorism Policy expresses that it emphatically upholds a war against psychological oppression and every single other type of it.The arrangement focused on that the US will overwhelmingly act to vanquish fear monger assaults against the state and the residents (Naftali, 2005). As per the approach, the US government including all its significant offices and organizations will invest extraordinary energy so as to diminish the vulnerabilities of the US on fear based oppression (Naftali, 2005). All the divisions and offices referenced in the arrangement will make sure that the counterterrorism battle of the state is gi ven the most noteworthy need. With the end goal that it will make sure about that the entirety of their territories of duty are shielded from fear monger assaults (Davis, 2002).In expansion, the approach expresses that its usage will be properly and adequately utilized by all US offices and offices by bearing all the expenses of its execution just as creating productive and helpful advancements that can truly contribute in countering psychological oppression (Naftali, 2005). The US Counterterrorism Policy isn't just constrained in the state’s national domain. Indeed, its approach broadens even outside US. It necessitates that nations who house specific psychological oppressor bunches will have the option to participate with them.It is obviously expressed in the strategy that the US government will utilize all way to get fear monger bunches from their host nation regardless of if the last concurs or not. Also, those nations that will not do so would be named as supporters of p sychological oppression hence they will be treated as adversaries of the state. Such is the extent of the US arrangement on counterterrorism (Howard and Sawyer, 2005). Counterterrorism versus Common Liberties The previous or the conventional reconnaissance in the US has been formed into something that which is predominant as far as its exacting execution. However, as we as a whole know, everything that surpasses the ordinary is evil.In US, individuals are supposed to be more made sure about and ensured against any types of brutality especially by psychological warfare (Darmer and Baird, 2004). This is because of the way that the US government offers need to the implementation of the counter psychological oppression or counterterrorism approach. As results, individuals are sure enough of their security any place they are in the globe. In any case, such severity in the counterterrorism approach suggests the decrease of certain common freedoms of its residents. As referenced before, al l US divisions and offices have been told to do their absolute best and to organize the battle against terrorism.By doing as such, individuals would not so much be capable do their thing as how they do it previously. This implies they need to forfeit their a portion of their opportunity (I. e. security) just to guarantee that the approach on counterterrorism isn't being discouraged by anybody or anything (Darmer and Baird, 2004). This is by all accounts dangerous particularly for those supporters of human rights. By actualizing the approach, the legislature has given an immediate authority over the citizen’s life in order to make sure about that there are no dangers of fear based oppression. It might appear to be useful to all since they are being secured by the state.Yet individuals may likewise encounter extreme impedance and mediation from the administration (Howard and Sawyer, 2005). Furthermore, these things are not so much useful for the administration causes silly endu ring on its residents. As announced, there are expanding quantities of human rights casualties in the US whose complaints are brought about by the arrangement on counterterrorism. Moreover, it subverts the government assistance of the individuals as in it gives greater need (I. e. higher sponsorship for military) to the crusade against psychological warfare than giving more assets for training, and social and heath administrations (Darmer and Baird, 2004).References: Darmer, M. K. , and Baird, R. M. (2004). Common Liberties Vs. National Security In A Post 9/11 World . Prometheus Books . Davis, P. K. (2002). Prevention and Influence in Counterterrorism: A Component in the War on Al Qaeda. RAND Corporation . Howard, R. D. , and Sawyer, R. L. (2005). Fear mongering and Counterterrorism: Understanding the New Security Environment, Readings and Interpretations (second ed. ). McGraw Hill/Dushkin. Naftali, T. (2005). Vulnerable side: The Secret History of American Counterterrorism . Amazon Remainders Account .

Monday, July 6, 2020

MBA Admissions Cornell Johnson and Management Consulting

This post about Cornell Johnson and management consulting is part of a series of interviews of top MBA programs called â€Å"MBA Career Goals and the B-Schools that Support Them. Please subscribe to our blog to ensure that you receive all the interviews exploring the elements at each school that support career goals in finance, consulting, general management, entrepreneurship, marketing and more. Here is the interview with  the Career Management Center team at Cornell Johnson. What kind of background and skills do you like to see in applicants expressing interest in a career in consulting? Specific background is of lesser importance than possessing transferrable skills and the ability to translate why consulting makes sense as a next step. With that said, prior consulting, banking, and/or strategy roles make for a less challenging transition. What aspects of your curriculum do you feel are best suited to students who want to eventually pursue a career in consulting? The General Management nature of Johnson is highly beneficial, since consultants will face a variety of pressing business issues across a wide spectrum of functions and industries. More specifically, Johnson’s Consulting Passport curriculum is essential to successful transition into the consulting industry. While the Passport is technically not part of the Academic Curriculum, it is nonetheless important. The Consulting Passport is a coordinated combination of lectures, mock interviews, and small group work provided by Career Advisors, Consulting Club, Career Work Group Leaders (2nd Year MBAs) and alumni in the consulting industry. Other courses that are strongly recommended are: Management Cases Cases in Business Strategy Management Practicum Which school clubs and extra-curricular events are most relevant to people interested in consulting? Consulting Club would be most relevant. For those seeking to better understand through experiential learning, I would recommend Big Red Consulting (BRC), the student-run consulting firm. However, membership in a more social club is recommended to demonstrate that the candidate is well rounded. Since â€Å"consulting† is a very broad term, can you break down some of the some of the sub-categories in the field that you feel the Johnson School excels in? Johnson’s traditional strength is in Management Consulting, basically Strategy and Operations Consulting. Another strength area is in Financial Advisory, although a smaller portion of the class also seeks out roles in Boutique, Industry-specific, and Technology Consulting Firms. Which consulting firms recruit at Cornell Johnson? How many graduates of your 2010 class received offers from each of these firms? McKinsey, Bain, Deloitte, Accenture, PWC, Ernst Young, PRTM, Easton Associates, and Infosys typically recruit at Cornell Johnson.   36 offers were extended to the class of 2010 from consulting firms.   An additional 8 offers were extended for internal consulting roles.

Thursday, July 2, 2020

Choosing between AP and IB an In-Depth Guide

Structural Differences between the AP and IB Exams I went to the International Academy (IA), which, for two years, was ranked the number one public high school in America by USA Today. As a metric, they used the number of IB or AP tests each student took. My high school was an all IB school, one of the first in the country, and as an IB school, it required every student to take 6 IBs. IB stands for International Baccalaureate. It is an alternative to AP, or advanced placement that is more prevalent in American public schools. However IB, as suggested by the name, is more internationally recognized. Over 4000 schools from around the world follow the IB curriculum, whereas AP was created by College Board and is primarily active in the United States and Canada. As more and more schools begin to offer the IB curriculum, parents and students should be aware of the differences between the two programs. In this blog, I will do my best to sum up those differences. A tangent: What’s it like going to the number one high school in America? In case you’re curious-- it was not very fancy. The building itself used to be an elementary school before it was converted, hence it was small. My class was 100 people and there were a total of 400 students in the school. To enroll, each prospective student had to take a test and if you made a certain cutoff, your name was put into a lottery and from a bin of hundreds of names, one hundred were chosen. So not only did you have to demonstrate caliber, you also had to be lucky. There were also no school sports, meaning no football, basketball, swimming, etc. To do sports, students had to go through their home school, that is their district school. The closest thing to sports was robotics. The second closest was Science Olympiad. I was on the robotics team for three years and Science Olympiad for all four. There was no such thing as homecoming or dances, really. We did have prom but it was not a big affair as the week after we would all have to file into the cafeteria and take our IB exams. Don’t get me wrong. I had a lot of fun at IA, possibly more fun than I had at college. But it was still a high-pressure environment, filled with a bunch of competitive kids. Now back to those differences. Structural Differences between the AP and IB Exams Big picture: Diploma Program vs. A La Carte Learning The IB program is a diploma program, meaning that at the end of high school, students not only get a high school diploma but also an IB diploma. The appeal of this, for me at least, was not high. I have yet to take out my IB diploma and show people. I actually have no idea where the physical diploma is. But the idea behind the diploma is the core of the IB program. All the IB coursework is interconnected. For my school, we were required to take 6 IBs, one of which had to be a foreign language, two of which had to be a science and one of which had to be math. The goal of the IB is to give the student a comprehensive education. The AP program, on the other hand, has no unifying core. A student can sign up for as many or as few AP courses as he/she wants. The more AP courses you take, the more demanding your schedule becomes, but each course lasts 1 year as opposed to 2 for the IB. There are also no set requirements for how many AP’s a student should take. Each AP is its own individual course and can stand-alone. Whereas at my IB school, all the teachers were expected to work together to create curriculums that reinforced one another (i.e. there was no point in teaching calculus based physics to students who were in math SL and had not yet gotten to calculus), AP teachers make no such promises. If you are taking AP physics C, you better know calculus beforehand, or the year will be extremely difficult. Subject Areas: 37 AP courses vs. Standard/Higher Level IB Currently, College Board offers 37 different AP courses. Some topics like biology or chemistry have only 1 course dedicated to them. But physics alone has 4 different APs and math has 2. For the IB, there are fewer distinctions within each subject area. There is only IB math, chemistry, physics, English, history, etc. But within each topic, the student has a choice of doing it SL (standard level) or HL (higher level). At my school, we were required to take 4 HL courses and 2 SL. I choose math, chemistry, physics and English as my HL’s, and French and history as my SL’s. In addition to these, we were required to take one semester of IB philosophy. Some of my friends took more than 6 IBs. Some of my friends took IB further math, which was math beyond linear algebra and into proofs, competition level math . Some of my friends took an additional science, meaning all three—biology, chemistry and physics. However taking 7 IBs was incredibly challenging. Each IB course is 2 years. So for two years, you would have 7 primary classes a day, in addition to the philosophy class and other semester long classes (gym, health, economics.) An aside: my gym class wasn’t even called gym. It was called Adventures Challenge. Instead of dodge ball, we did obstacle courses in body harnesses. We talked about teamwork. In terms of actual physical fitness, the class was a joke but it did bring a group of diverse kids together over problem solving games. Time commitment: Short term vs. long term Because there is no underlying structure to the AP, you can really take as many as you want and I have heard some students taking upwards of 14 AP’s because each AP boils down to a test. For students who go to schools that only offer AP, taking as many AP’s is the norm because it can show a certain set of schools (probably the Ivies), how high achieving the students are. Since all top colleges demand that the applicants show rigor in their coursework, some students will take as many AP’s as they can, to prove that they can (not the best reason, but oh well.) The core of the AP program boils down to one test, taken at the end of the academic year, usually May. You don’t even have to take an AP class to take the test. You can simply sign up for the test and show up. So really the AP program is not so much a curriculum as it is a tougher (much tougher) version of the SAT subject tests. But IB’s are class based. You have to take both class AND test to qualify for the diploma. Taking 14 IBs is unheard of. Can you imagine? Taking 14 two yearlong courses? First you would run out of topics to study and second you would probably perish from stress. I also don’t even know a school that offers that many IBs. Aside: some advice If you are at a school that doesn’t offer many APs and you really are gunning for a top school, I suggest that you study for APs independently. Self-studying looks great on your resume too! It shows that you REALLY challenged yourself. No college will hold the academic level of your school against you but if you demonstrate self-sufficiency, colleges love that. Personally, I took the AP biology test without taking a class. To learn the material, I just spent every Saturday morning reading this. I did this because I wanted to learn more biology but didn’t want to dedicated 2 years of coursework to it. I liked chem and physics and math more, so my course load was already full. Another aside: yes, I was a complete nerd. But I was not alone. To find more like me, you only need to go on collegeconfidential.com. There you will find thousands of students posting their stats and colleges that they are aiming for. Then other students will comment on their likelihood of being admitting. I, along with lots of my IA friends, spent our free time browsing this site, comparing our stats to that of the others and figuring out our own likelihoods. Then at lunch, we conferenced about our findings. In hindsight, we were an insane bunch of kids. Test schedule: One exam vs. Three Papers/Tests As I have said before, each AP course comes down to one test. The College Board does not care what you got in the class; it only cares about how you did on the exam. The exams range from two to three hours and are broken up into two parts. The first part primarily consists of multiple-choice answers. The second part is free response. Certain APs, like History or English, will require you to write long essays, while the science and math APs may require show your-work kind of problems. But the general idea behind each AP is after you take the test, you are done, you will not have to sit down for that subject area again. The IB exam schedule looks something like this. Just looking at this schedule makes me wonder how I ever did it†¦and then later thought it wasn’t actually that bad. This schedule is set by an international committee. For three weeks at the end of senior year, each IB student will take 18 exams that cover the 6 subjects of their choice. This is because each IB subject has three papers (aka tests), spread out over the 3 weeks. So if you take Math HL like I did, your first exam is the morning of May 12th, then the second exam is in the afternoon of 13th, then the third exam is in the afternoon of the 21st. Now factor in all of your other 5 subjects. The three papers of each subject cover different topics but do not necessarily increase in difficulty. The first two might cover the foundational topics, whereas the third covers optional topics that your IB teacher (hopefully) should have gone over in class. The major bummer about the IB is the examination schedule. It is at the end of senior year and all you want to do is have fun. But no. You must take 18 exams in a row. You may not be done with one subject until 3 weeks later. You may still be studying throughout the 3 weeks (I was. IB French was not my strength. Nor was IB history.) For 3 weeks, morning and afternoon, you are in the same room with the same group of kids. You also can’t staple any of your pages. You have to use this plastic toggle that easily comes apart. I have no idea how I got through that. But the moment I finished my last exam, I went home and slept for two days. Test scoring: One exam vs. Three Papers/Tests Grading for the exams is slightly different. The AP goes from a 1 to 5 scale, the IB a 1 to 7. 5 is the highest AP score whereas 7 is the highest IB. The AP subject score is based on one test, the IB on all three papers (so you can’t bomb one and hope to be okay.) Because the AP is based on an individual subject, each subject score is assessed by itself. To earn the IB diploma, you need at least 24 points from all of your tests combined. If you do the math, that means you need to earn at least a 4 on all 6 subjects tests. Earning a 7 was not incredibly difficult but it was difficult enough. In our class of a hundred, less than five were able to score a 7 on the IB Chem HL exam. But those who did earned a place on our chemistry teacher’s wall of extraordinary chemists. Content Differences AP vs. IB: What versus how The AP focuses on what. The IB focuses on how. From what I recall, the AP Biology test was essentially recall. I had to read a certain amount of materials and then I had to rewrite it on the page. There was thinking involved of course but very little critical thinking, that is being given a completely new set of information and then asked to analyze it. There was none of that. There was, for instance, infer what mode of inheritance this gene is from the pedigree tree, but then nothing beyond. Other AP exams such as chemistry or physics or math do involve more critical thinking as the student is required to solve individual problems and show work. AP English and history also require you to write essays on the spot. However, there are also a number of test prep companies out that that specifically cater to the AP and pump out thousands of mock questions at a time. Many of my AP friends studied from these books and found that the actual test mirrored versions of the ones they took for practice. A bummer about the IB is that there are no test prep books on them. This is probably because the IB is not so much test based as course based. The IB student relies heavily on the IB teacher. IB teachers go through extensive training to understand the curriculum of their subject inside and out. Teachers are given the practice materials and old exams. Students might be able to torrent old exams online but it is actually very difficult (I know. I tried.) As a result each IB exam feels familiar but not entirely predictable. I might have recognized 30% of the question in terms of content but then had to stitch together the latter 70% on the test day. If I had to sum up content differences, it would be this: Critical thinking is important for AP but essential for IB Breadth of knowledge is important for AP but breadth and depth of knowledge is important for the IB. AP is content driven. IB is process driven. The AP cares about the right answer. The IB cares about how you got the right answer (hence why all those pages of scrap work you have to toggle together.) Back to the time commitment thing... Remember when I said that AP is short term and IB is long term? This is so true that I want to double back and give you more details. If you an AP student, after the test you are DONE. Completely. It is a one test, one score system. College board does not factor in what you got in the care nor does college board care. If you are an IB student, however, you are not just looking at 18 exams aad 2 years of heavy coursework. The IB also requires that you take that semester of philosophy (aptly named the theory of knowledge or TOK) and write a 1600 word TOK essay on topics like to what extent are areas of knowledge shaped by their past, or evaluate whether there is such a thing as a neutral question, or to what extent do you believe that facts and theories can overlap. In addition to TOK and the essay, IB students are required to do a creative, activity, service project (CAS). This could either be 50 hours of community service or a creative endeavor like starting and running your own club or going on an extended summer trip to help an impoverished country build schools. You get the point. In addition to CAS and TOK, IB students are finally required to write a 4000 word extended essay. This is like a mini high school thesis on a topic of your choice. I chose physics and spent a summer studying 2D metal frameworks at Baylor University. Then I wrote up my results. Usually the student is paired with a teacher-mentor who suggests possible projects and then the student spends their junior summer researching and writing. Now that I am writing my PhD dissertation, I look back at the 4000-word requirement and have to laugh. I was freaking out at the time but now I wish I could only write 4000 words and be done. Nevertheless, for a high school student, a 4000-word essay is still very intimidating, especially if it is based on an original idea! Summary Table! So to sum the key differences, I thought what better way than a table slash bulleted list slash bulleted list table! The big question, if I went back would I still have done IB? Absolutely. What I liked most about the IB was that I didn’t have to think much about what classes I needed to take to stand out for colleges. Many AP students felt that they needed to take Calc BC or physics C 1 and 2, etc, etc. I didn’t have to fret about those choices because I could just pick the IB physics HL track and be set coursework wise for the next 2 years. Then I had head space for other things. The IB’s level of comprehensive learning is still truly astounding for me. I still remember everything that my IB physics teacher taught me and use some of the same methods to teach my current students about MCAT physics. My IB chemistry teacher was also phenomenal and from him, I was able to gain a much deeper understanding of general chemistry that could not even be matched at the college I eventually went to. Recently, I have even taken out my IB math notes for my graduate level statistic class. Perusing through my notes, I still cannot believe that I was doing this stuff as a high schooler. Final words For me at least, the debate between the AP and the IB is not really a debate as it is not really a fair comparison. The AP tests individual topics. The IB is an entire curriculum. By signing up for the IB, you are signing up for a different way of learning. Yes, there are tests, but there is much more beyond these tests. By the time an IB student gets to the tests, he or she will have already become a well-rounded student. One thing I want to re-emphasize is that the AP exams are great for students who really want to highlight a knowledge area that is not offered at their school. In schools that don’t offer any APs, a gifted student can still stand out by signing up for an AP exam in another district, whereas no student can take the IB without the proper set of teachers and resources. ;

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Analysis Of The Infinite Nature Of God - 1499 Words

Cleanthes’ argument from design in ‘Dialogues concerning Natural Religion’ is trying to prove that there is a deity which exists and which is similar to humans in our mind and intelligence. This argument from design can be dated back to Plato and later, Aquinas in the ‘Summa Theologica’. Cleanthes However, Cleanthes’ argument does not fully prove that the deity is a theological Christian God as it does not prove his omniscience and his omnipotent nature shown in biblical texts. The infinite nature of God is also unstable as it is not fully proven and therefore can easily be criticised. The argument is therefore providing a necessary but not sufficient condition for a theological God. Cleanthes argument is structured with two propositions which lead to a logical conclusion. The first proposition is that things made by us seem to have a specific purpose which suggests a creator. This is followed by the universe appearing to have a purpose so therefore the universe must have a creator. This argument relies heavily on an analogy which is comparing our everyday lives and experiences within the world and universe to the origin of the world and how it was originally created. ’The intricate fitting of means to ends throughout all nature is just like (though more wonderful than) the fitting of means to ends in things that have been produced by us—products of human designs, thought, wisdom, and intelligence. Since the effects resemble each other, we are led to infer by all the rulesShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Friedrich Nietzsche ´s Book 5 of The Gay Science Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pagescontemporary Western civilization, in which he details mankindâ€℠¢s break away from faith into a new rule of chaos. In Book 5 of The Gay Science, Nietzsche establishes that â€Å"God is dead†, meaning that modern Europe has abandoned religion in favor of rationality and science (Nietzsche 279). From this death, the birth of a ‘new’ infinite blossoms in which the world is open to an unlimited amount of interpretations that do not rely on the solid foundations of faith in religion or science. However, in contrastRead MoreEssay about Ralph Waldo Emersons Nature939 Words   |  4 Pagescalamity (leaving me my eyes), which nature cannot repair. Standing on the bare ground, - my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted into infinite space, - all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eyeball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God. -Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nature (1836) In his essay, Nature, Ralph Waldo Emerson describes mans relationship to nature and to God. Early on, he describes himself asRead MoreIn Philosophy, There Are Going To Be Some Agreements And1393 Words   |  6 Pagesthere are going to be some agreements and disagreements among philosopher’s, but the most compelling of them all is Descartes’ and Spinoza’s take in regards to mind and body, and God and free will, God existence. I will compare and contrast Descartes’ and Spinoza’s perspectives on the relationship between mind and body, and God and free will. Maria, there is no fast way to explain all of this as this takes time, so please brace yourself as I hope to provide you with a better understanding of the agreements/similaritiesRead MoreProposed Seven Philosophers On The Existence Of God And Their Development Of These Ideas1413 Words   |  6 PagesAquinas and Rene Descartes. Lastly, I will proceed to relate their ideas on the existence of God and their development of these ideas. St. Augustine s epistemology is rationalization. In his argument for the existence of God, he is referring to varying degrees of perfection otherwise know as, an Ontological argument. He believed that in pursuing truth, it would lead to the epicenter of all truth, God. Upon his pursuit of truth, he began to further develop his philosophy that all things whetherRead MoreA Treatise Of Human Nature By David Hume1472 Words   |  6 Pagesself are radically different. Blake’s idea is that the world comes alive as the mind encounters it and that the self is within, whereas Wordsworth sees the mind coming alive as it encounters nature and in this awakening, the self is found. In, A Treatise of Human Nature, David Hume writes, â€Å"†¦ to explain the nature of personal identity which has become so great a question in philosophy, especially of late years in England, where all the abstruser sciences are study’d with a particular ardour and application†Read MoreTheories of Human Nature 670 Words   |  3 Pages The theme of this course is theories of human nature, theories of human nature is an historical scope of philosophy. Theories of human nature provides a philosophical analysis into human nature through the investigation of issues, including the mind and body, perceptions and conception, freedom and determinism, death and immortality, the relation of the human to nature and the divine, and reason and emotion (Professor Galgan, Course Syllabus). The two articles written by Dr. Galgan, â€Å"Infinity andRead MoreDescartes and Meditation Three Essay1188 Words   |  5 PagesDescartes and Meditation Three At the beginning of Meditation three, Descartes has made substantial progress towards defeating skepticism. Using his methods of Doubt and Analysis he has systematically examined all his beliefs and set aside those which he could call into doubt until he reached three beliefs which he could not possibly doubt. First, that the evil genius seeking to deceive him could not deceive him into thinking that he did not exist when in fact he did exist. Second, thatRead MoreThe Philosophical Philosopher Paul Tillich s View Of Faith964 Words   |  4 Pages and clothing. Furthermore, Tillich acknowledged there are some concerns â€Å"which are spiritual in nature, such as cognitive, aesthetic, moral, and political that can have an elevated level of ultimacy.† (Smith, 2003, p. 1). Although these concerns are of great importance, Tillich’s idea of ultimate concern supersedes all other concerns, as it is our greatest and tends to take on a religious nature. Accordingly, our ultimate concern can be about anything (Smith, 2003). Tillich proclaims this isRead MoreThe Future Of An Illusion Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of The Future of an Illusion In Sigmund Freud’s famous philosophical work titled The Future of an Illusion, he uses psychoanalysis to explain the origins of the concept of God. He presents valid arguments as to why God is merely a concept created by humans to answer frustrating questions about life in a satisfying way, and the work seems to be sound in its entirety. However, there is an important weakness in Freud’s reasoning in that if God is meant to create order in the universe, whyRead MoreEssay on Hegel and Kant on the Ontological Argument1748 Words   |  7 Pagesconfronted by Hegels critique of Kants refutation. The ontological argument can be exposed in a syllogistic way: everything I conceive as belonging clearly and distinctly to the nature or essence of something can be asserted as true of something. I perceive clearly and distinctly that existence belongs to the nature or essence of a perfect being; therefore, existence can be stated as true of a supremely perfect being, that is, perf ect being exists. I intend to argue that Kant criticizes both the

Geography and History of the Island Nation of Samoa

Samoa, officially called the Independent State of Samoa, is an island nation located in Oceania. It is about 2,200 miles (3,540 km) south of Hawaii and its area consists of two main islands, Upolu and Savai. In 2011, Samoa  moved  the International Date Line because it claimed it has more economic ties with Australia and New Zealand (both of which are on the other side of the dateline) than with the United States. On Dec. 29, 2011, at midnight, the date in Samoa changed from Dec. 29 to Dec. 31. Fast Facts: Samoa Official Name: Independent State of SamoaCapital: ApiaPopulation: 201,316  (2018)Official Language: Samoan (Polynesian)Currency: Tala (SAT)Form of Government: Parliamentary republicClimate: Tropical; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October)Total Area: 1,093 square miles (2,831 square kilometers)Highest Point: Mount Silisili at 6,092 feet (1,857 meters)Lowest Point: Pacific Ocean at 0 feet (0 meters) History of Samoa Archeological evidence shows that Samoa has been inhabited for over 2,000 years by migrants from Southeast Asia. Europeans did not arrive in the area until the 1700s and by the 1830s, missionaries and traders from England began arriving in large numbers. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Samoan islands were politically divided and in 1904 the easternmost islands became the U.S. territory known as American Samoa. At the same time, the western islands became Western Samoa and they were controlled by Germany until 1914 when that control passed to New Zealand. New Zealand then administered Western Samoa until it gained its independence in 1962. According to the U.S. Department of State, it was the first country in the region to gain independence. In 1997, Western Samoas name changed to the Independent State of Samoa. Today, however, the nation is known as Samoa throughout most of the world. Government of Samoa Samoa is considered a parliamentary democracy with an executive branch of government made up of a chief of state and a head of government. The country also has a unicameral Legislative Assembly with 47 members who are elected by voters. Samoas judicial branch consists of a Court of Appeal, the Supreme Court, the District Court, and the Land and Titles Court. Samoa is divided into 11 different districts for local administration. Economics and Land Use in Samoa Samoa has a relatively small economy that is dependent on foreign aid and its trade relations with foreign nations. According to the CIA World Factbook, agriculture employs two-thirds of the labor force. The main agricultural products of Samoa are coconuts, bananas, taro, yams, coffee, and cocoa. Industries in Samoa include food processing, building materials, and auto parts. Geography and Climate of Samoa Geographically, Samoa is a group of islands located in the South Pacific Ocean or Oceania between Hawaii and New Zealand and below the equator in the Southern Hemisphere. Its total land area is 1,093 square miles (2,831 sq km) and it consists of two main islands as well as several small islands and uninhabited islets. The main islands of Samoa are Upolu and Savai and the highest point in the country, Mount Silisili at 6,092 feet (1,857 m), is located on Savai while its capital and largest city, Apia, is located on Upolu. The topography of Samoa consists mainly of coastal plains but the interior of Savai and Upolu have rugged volcanic mountains. The climate of Samoa is tropical and as such it has mild to warm temperatures year-round. Samoa also has a rainy season from November to April and a dry season from May to October. Apia has a January average high temperature of 86 degrees (30ËšC) and a July average low temperature of 73.4 degrees (23ËšC). Sources Central Intelligence Agency. CIA - The World Factbook - Samoa.Infoplease.com. Samoa: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com.United States Department of State. Samoa.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Human Trafficking and Slavery - 880 Words

Human Trafficking and Slavery: Are the World’s Nations Doing Enough s to Stamp It Out? Slavery has existed since the beginning of human evolution (CQ Researcher 2010). The Civil War ended slavery in the United States in 1865. Worldwide slavery was prohibited during the late 1920’s. Although slavery is prohibited, millions of victims are forced into captivity. Victims are often kidnapped and forced into a lifetime of servitude and prostitution. Other victims of slavery are lured by the promise of a better life. These victims are forced into cruel labor and prostitution (CQ Researcher 2010). Many of the victims are young children and women. According to CQ Researcher 2010, slavery is the world’s third largest illegal business and accounts†¦show more content†¦India alone is receiving $40 million this year to reach 80,000 working children (CQ Researcher 2010). While ILO enacted the 1999 Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention which restricts all full-time work and any work by children under 12, children in developing countries aren’t attending school on a daily basis. They are forced to work hazardous jobs at young ages and endure debilitating abuse. Slavery has been evident since the beginning of time. Millions of children and woman worldwide are taken hostage. They’re forced to endure extreme work conditions and prostitution. Slavery is even evident in the United States. It’s estimated that there are 20,000 slaves trafficked into the United States every year. The TVPA act is a useful tool in stopping slavery. However, the act needs tougher guidelines for countries worldwide. Although international law states that children have a right to basic education, millions of children in developing countries aren’t attending school. They are forced to endure years of gruesome manual labor. A cycle persists in developing countries that hinders them from advancing financially and allows slavery to flourish. In order for the lucrative slave trade to end, developing countries need to educate their children. The United States is a powerful tool in ensuring that children worldwide are gaining an education. A question that may be relevant in the discussion of ending slaveryShow MoreRelatedSlavery and Human Trafficking2330 Words   |  10 Pages Slavery used to be obvious. Before it was abolished by the 13th Amendment, having ownership of other human beings was common and widely accepted. Though abolitionists at the time were opposed to slavery, they were not surprised by it. Today, however, many people would be surprised to know that slavery still exists, even in the United States. The elusive trade for sex slaves is hiding in brothels and hotels in every city. It hides at truck stops, residential houses, sporting events, and even onlineRead MoreSlavery Vs Human Trafficking1572 Words   |  7 Pages Slavery still exists currently in contemporary society, but present-day slavery differs from the one centuries ago. Human trafficking is a type of slavery in modern society that involves the use of coercion or fraud to control victims into performing activities while ignoring the victim’s consent. Human trafficking has many misconceptions such as only women and children are victims or sex trafficking is the same as human trafficking. People are tricked by traffickers because of their manipulativeRead MoreHuman Trafficking is Slavery Essay1605 Words   |  7 Pages In this essay, the history of human trafficking will be examined, followed by who is affected by trafficking. Next the scope and types of exploitation will be discussed. Human trafficking is an issue that affects countries all over the world. Governments have made an effort to curb trafficking, however these efforts have been very narrowly focused. American ignorance has led to poor handling of the issues by policy makers. Finally the essay will discuss a proposed solution and set some goals forRead MoreHuman Trafficking: Slavery Today 1404 Words   |  6 Pagesservice professionals work to address the problem of human trafficking in a number of ways. Social workers are unique in their approach to this issue because they can address it from a number of angles. For example, social workers concentrate on both the individual victim as well as their social and economic situation which distinguishes it from other professions such as counseling (Palmer, 2010). Social workers meet the needs of human trafficking victims according to the principles outlined in theRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Modern Slavery1415 Words   |  6 Pages When forced into sex trafficking statistics state that 67 percent of prisoners are forced into labor, 55 percent are women and girls, and 26 percent are children that endure the conditions and harshness of this generation s modern slavery. Human trafficking is the modern slavery throughout the globe and 27,000 cases have been reported to the NHTRC hotline in the last eight years alone (Human Trafficking). Human trafficking is of all ages, all genders, and anyone can be forced into the labor. ThereRead MoreModern Slavery : Human Trafficking1204 Words   |  5 PagesOur nation has had many encounters with the world’s most horrifying phenomenon, modern slavery, also known as human trafficking. Modern slavery consists of people being taken away by force or unknowingly of the situation to become exploited in many ways no matter the age, ethnicity, or color of the skin (DEF). Not only has it become a disgusting wicked disease but, it has taken over the country’s freedom. We as people living in the United States are guaranteed â€Å"freedom†, which isn’t true in the absoluteRead MoreHuman Trafficking, the Modern Slavery1034 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Perspectives Essay #2 Human Trafficking Causes and Effects Human Trafficking, The Modern Slavery Introduction Human trafficking is a big problem all around the world. Every year, thousands of men, women and children are kidnapped by traffickers, and forced into sexual exploitation and slavery. In this essay, I will talk about the causes of human trafficking and what effects it has on the victims, families, and society. Causes The cause of human trafficking is mainly the organizedRead MoreSex Slavery And Human Trafficking2202 Words   |  9 Pages Sex Slavery and Human Trafficking in Nigeria Ramapo College of New Jersey Kaitlyn Cestaro Human Trafficking is defined in article 3, paragraph (a) of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receivingRead MoreModern Day Slavery: Human Trafficking 866 Words   |  4 PagesBlood Borne Connections.) Human trafficking is the modern day slavery, it involves taking control over a person through force, fraud or coercion to exploit the victim for forced labor, sexual exploitation. or both (â€Å"What† par.1). This is become the sad reality for many, approximately three out of every 1,000 people worldwide are being forced into this such slavery. Victims of human trafficking are people of all backgrounds and ages, no one is safe from the dirty hands of human traffickers. E very yearRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Form Of Modern Slavery906 Words   |  4 Pages Human Trafficking Have you ever heard about human trafficking? Some people would say that human trafficking is no more in this world because now everyone become educated they themselves became victim. Others would say that human trafficking is illegal business, human being sale human being. Even I did not believe that human trafficking was here in the United States, but human trafficking was all over the world. â€Å"Trafficking in human beings is a dressing phenomenon

Plutarchs Aims and Achievements as a Biographer Essay

A critical study of a significant aspect or aspects of Plutarchs aims and achievements as a biographer -To what extent does Plutarch achieve his aims for the lives of Marius and Caesar? We are able to establish Plutarchs aims in creating his biographies by looking at his background and influences. Plutarch was born in Greece to a wealthy established family. He was well educated, studying rhetoric in Athens, and then travelled to Rome where he established connections with some important political figures. Despite being an outsider (a Greek), Plutarch accepted Roman aristocratic tradition as well as the moralising of some key Roman figures. This is reflected in the Lives which in effect provide moral guidelines, prescribing†¦show more content†¦The reader is invited to reflect on what they have read and to emulate the actions of the virtuous man, being encouraged to shun vice throughout. To do this Plutarch used a list of twelve virtues presenting a golden mean that could be taken to excess or to deficiency, both being a vice. This list was developed by Aristotle from the five cardinal virtues, and is known as the virtue theory, it expresses that to be virtuous, the irrational side must be governed by the rational side. By the time of Plutarch (nearly 400 years after Aristotle,) there had been some modification of Aristotles system, but the basic principles still applied. Russell goes as far as to say: Without Aristotles Ethics, there would have been no such thing as the Plutarchian biography.[5] Both Plato and Aristotle were eudaimonists, believing the purpose of man is to be eudaimon, or virtuous. Plutarchs religion is also key in working out his aims. He believed in gods and an after life, this meant he believed there were two reasons for a person to be virtuous; firstly because it is the right was to behave and secondly because you will be rewarded or punished as appropriate in the afterlife: Athletes receive their prizes not during the contest but after they have won[6] These ideas as to what Plutarchs aims were likely to have been are backed up by a statement made by Plutarch on what he thinks he is trying to

Applied Portfolio Management Project - Free Solution

Question: Discuss about the Applied Portfolio Management Project. Answer: Introduction This study is focused on the subject area of project portfolio management. During this study, the discussion is carried on the introduction of new online appointment book at Emanuel Medical Center. The study includes the evaluation of scope of this particular project and at the same time, it also evaluates the project deliverables, assumptions, constraints and criteria for accepting the project. At the end, the study provides the conclusion that states about the overall findings of the study in brief. Scope description The introduction of online appointment book is a very attractive project for Emanuel Medical Center. This project will help the organization to meet the basic need of more than 50% of the patients, who come at Emanuel for check-up. As the organization involves highly qualified and experienced doctors and staff members, the patients always try to get an appointment from the doctors at Emanuel. However, many patients are there, who cannot book an appointment with the doctors because they stay at a long distance from Emanuel Medical Center. Therefore, the organization can help these patients by introducing the online appointment book system (Emanuelmedicalcenter.org, 2016). This particular project of the organization will not require high budget. The budget for the new appointment booking system is as follows: Particulars Amount (in $) Expense for webpage designing and development 700 Salaries to the respected staffs 300 Webpage maintenance 400 Expense for equipments 800 Total expenses 2200 Apart from the budget, Emanuel also needs to implement an appropriate organizational management system in order to manage the operations after introducing the new appointment booking system. It is expected that after introducing this new system, the number of patients will increase and so the organization have to take proper management strategies to maintain their service quality (Cotugno et al. 2015). At first, the management needs to take care of the quality of service to each patient. Emanuel needs to provide proper treatment to each patient. At the same time, the organization needs to notice whether the online booking system is properly working or not and for that the feedback of the patients, who are availing the online booking facility is very important. Apart from these two, the management also needs to take care of the cost factor. Cost must be controlled properly while handling the huge number of patients (Mold de Lusignan, 2015). The available and committed resources for this new online appointment booking system will be the domain for introducing the webpage, standard space for developing the webpage, one webpage developer and two people for maintaining the system. Criteria for acceptance The new service of online appointment system at Emanuel Medical Center must have the following characteristics, so that everybody can accept it: The procedure in the webpage for booking the appointment must be easy and simple The organization must not charge any extra amount of money from the patients for booking the appointment (Storrs, Ramov Lalloo, 2016) The webpage must be available on Smartphone The webpage must include all the updated information about the availability of doctors and other services along with the fee structure Project deliverables The stakeholders of this particular project will be the doctors at the organization, the staff members, nurses, patients and their family members, the webpage developer and other employees of the organization (Forster et al. 2015). However, before starting this particular online service, the organization must take care of the following factors: The organization must comply with the Gene Technology Act 2000, in order to introduce this new technology oriented service (org, 2016). At the same time, the organization must consider the Home and Community Care Act 1985 (gov.au, 2016). The organization must be specific about their services and fee structure. The success of this particular project of Emanuel Medical Center depends on the proper planning, organizing, scheduling, leadership, control and monitoring. In the very beginning, the management of the organization needs to plan for the required resources and cost. At the same time, the management also needs to analyze the demand for this service in the market (Health.gov.au, 2016). In order to organize the service, the management needs to develop three teams. One team will take care of the development of the webpage. One team will be there to properly maintain the webpage, where the patients will book the appointment. The third team will be the service provider team, including the doctors, nurses and other staff members (Sridhar Kalaiselvi, 2015). The schedule of this particular project will include 12 weeks. The project will be started from 17th August 2016 and the project will be end on 18th November 2016. The service will be started from 1st December 2016. There will be a person as operational head, who will check the total system starting from receiving an online appointment request to providing the service to the patient. Apart from the operational head, there will be team leader for each of three teams. The participatory leadership style will be followed in the organization. Exclusions and constraints This particular online appointment booking service at Emanuel Medical Center may face different constraints and exclusions. These are as follows: The people or patients in the rural areas may not avail this service because sometimes, the rural people do not have the internet connection (Titov et al. 2015). This service will be limited to the people who have the technological knowledge This service may increase the work pressure of the doctors and staff members because this service will enhance the number of patients visiting the center. Assumptions The primary assumptions behind this particular online appoint booking service are as follows: Patients at long distance face problem in booking an appointment over the phone or by physical visit. Online appointment booking system will increase the value of the organization within the industry. More patients will be visiting at Emanuel Medical Center. Sign-off from workplace mentor The control is the most important part of a project. During this project, the management at Emanuel Medical Center must implement proper control measures. In order to control the online appointment booking service, the management of the organization must collect the feedback from the patients, who have used the service. This will help the management to identify faults in their service (Sridhar Kalaiselvi, 2015). At the same time, the management must introduce the policies regarding this particular service. Apart from that, the management must arrange for meetings to get the feedbacks from the employees end. At the same time, the online appointment booking service must be updated at a regular interval (Mold de Lusignan, 2015). Monitoring must be done on day-to-day basis. The staffs must be presented on time, so that patients get proper service on time. Proper monitoring will help the management to control the overall system. Conclusion This study has identified that the management at Emanuel Medical Center needs to take various steps in order to introduce the new online appointment booking service. In order to develop the system properly, the organization will need total 12 weeks. The organization needs to consider the legal ground and demand for the service. There are various benefits that the patients will have if this project is implemented. However, there are certain constraints that the organization needs to overcome before and after starting the particular service. Moreover, in order to introduce the new online appointment booking system, the Emanuel Medical Center needs to plan for a better schedule of activities. Reference list: Aihw.gov.au. (2016). Aihw.gov.au. Retrieved 1 August 2016, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/ Airccse.org. (2016). airccse.org. Retrieved 1 August 2016, from https://airccse.org/ Cotugno, J. D., Ferguson, M., Harden, H., Colquist, S., Stack, A. A., Zimmerman, J. I., Hickman, I. J. (2015). i wish they could be in my shoes: patients insights into tertiary health care for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Patient preference and adherence,9, 1647. Emanuelmedicalcenter.org. (2016). Emanuelmedicalcenter.org. Retrieved 1 August 2016, from https://www.emanuelmedicalcenter.org Forster, M., Dennison, K., Callen, J., Georgiou, A., Westbrook, J. I. (2015). Maternity patients' access to their electronic medical records: use and perspectives of a patient portal.Health Information Management Journal,44(1), 4-11. Health.gov.au. (2016). Health.gov.au. Retrieved 1 August 2016, from https://www.health.gov.au/ Mold, F., de Lusignan, S. (2015). Patients Online Access to Their Primary Care Electronic Health Records and Linked Online Services: Implications for Research and Practice.Journal of personalized medicine,5(4), 452-469. Sridhar, K., Kalaiselvi, A. (2015). Survey on-SaaS Based Integrated Clinical Management System.development,1, 2. Storrs, M. J., Ramov, H. M., Lalloo, R. (2016). An Investigation into Patient Non-Attendance and Use of a Short-Message Reminder System at a University Dental Clinic.Journal of dental education,80(1), 30-39. Titov, N., Dear, B. F., Staples, L. G., Bennett-Levy, J., Klein, B., Rapee, R. M., Purtell, C. (2015). MindSpot clinic: an accessible, efficient, and effective online treatment service for anxiety and depression.Psychiatric Services.

Building Tech free essay sample

In the construction industry, there are several factors which must be taken into consideration. Keen attention must be paid to the building codes and regulations in order to ensure that all construction activities are carried out in a potentially safe and efficient manner. These may be sighted to include occupational safety and health of employees and the preservation as well as the protection of the environment. Therefore, the main aim of this project is to determine the building codes, regulations as well as the environmental factors used in order to ensure occupational safety and health of employees as well as the protection of the environment. Career Opportunities on the Building Site Definition of a Career An occupation undertaken for a significant period of a persons life and with opportunities for progress is known as a career. General Foreman A general foreman is always employed on small contracts. The foreman should have extensive knowledge of all aspects of building construction. This includes knowing how to organise the workers, materials and schedules. The clerk of works The clerk of works, who is usually employed by the client, is an expert in how buildings should be constructed. The clerk of works uses this knowledge to make sure that the contractor builds the building correctly and safely. The Quantity Surveyor The quantity surveyor prepares a bill of quantities for building projects so that contractors can accurately price the work. The quantity surveyor works out the size of the areas and the volume of required materials from the design team’s drawings and specifications. Carpenter A carpenter is a craftsman with extensive skill and experience level at carpentry; the trade of cutting, joining, making and repairing wooden objects and other structures made of wood. They are also able to manage job sites with multiple employees and trade contractors. Mason A person whose trade is building with units of various natural or artificial mineral products, as stones, bricks, cinder blocks, or tiles, usually with the use of mortar or cement as a bonding agent. Plumber One who installs, repairs, and maintains piping, fittings, and fixtures involved in the distribution and use of water in connection with the water supply, drainage systems, etc. , both in and out of buildings. Electrician One whose occupation is the installation, maintenance, repair, or operation of electric equipment and circuitry. An electrician is a tradesperson specializing in electrical wiring of buildings, stationary machines and related equipment. Painter A person who coats walls or other surfaces with paint, especially as an occupation. Norms A norm is a principle of right action binding upon the members of a group and serving to guide, control, or regulate proper and acceptable behaviour. Some examples of norms which are to be used on a building site are as follows: Do not use indecent or obscene language. Workers must not smoke while on the building site. Employees must avoid from reaching late to work. Employees should not leave work before their scheduled time. Regulations Regulations are guidelines that keeps the worker on the building site safe and protected. Regulations and roles are enforced mostly by the contractor on the site. Some of these are as follows: Personal safety equipment must be worn as prescribed for each job, such as: safety glasses for eye protection, hard hats at all times within the confines of the construction area where there is a potential for falling materials or tools, gloves when handling materials, and safety shoes are necessary for protection against foot injuries. Know where firefighting equipment is located and be trained on how to use it. Do not use power tools and equipment until you have been properly instructed in the safe work methods and become authorized to use them. Never throw anything overboard. Someone passing below may be seriously injured. Always ensure that all ladders and scuffles are secured on the ground. All workers must be punctual at all times. Identify and mark any hazardous materials. Determine any risk involved to personnel. Label and store any materials deemed hazardous in proper containers and secure them in a safe location. Post precautions for handling nearby. Make sure there is an MSDS (material safety data sheet) for all potentially hazardous chemicals/materials. Inspect equipment to be sure it is working properly. Be on the lookout for unusual noises and jerky movements. Report any problems immediately and do not operate the machinery until repairs have been made. Use harnesses and other safety equipment when performing roof work or working on scaffolds. Provide personal protective equipment to all employees, including hard hats, safety goggles and boots, work gloves, ear plugs (or another form of protection) and face masks. Prepare for emergencies. Operators and site workers should know what to do in case of electrical, mechanical, power failures, or injuries. Protect the public by barricading the construction site during work hours. After working hours, lock all points of entry. Building Codes A building code is a collection of laws, regulations, ordinances, or other statutory requirements adopted by a government legislative authority that is involved in assuring the adequacy of the physical structures and healthy conditions of buildings. Codes exist to ensure that buildings are safe and easily accessible. Building codes establish predictable, consistent minimum standards that are applied to the quality and durability of construction materials. According to the International Codes Council, minimum requirements† means that the construction meets the criteria of being both practical and adequate for protecting life, safety, and welfare of the public. Building codes are adopted by a state or local governments legislative body, then enacted to regulate building construction within a particular jurisdiction (city, county, or entire state). The primary purpose of a building code is to regulate new or proposed construction. Building codes only apply to an existing building if the building undergoes reconstruction, rehabilitation, or alteration, or if the occupancy of the existing building changes to a new occupancy level as defined by the building code. Some of the building codes that must be met on a worksite are: The foundation must be deep and the soil must be compacted in order to construct a building. The material used should meet bureau of standards specifications in order to be used on a building site. In order to construct the building, a certified and licensed contractor should evaluate the worksite. When the building is finished being constructed it must be inspected by a building inspector to make sure it meets building standards. Impact of Technology Technology as we know it is advancing every day and are used in almost everything we do. The impact of technology on the building site helps to make the work easier to do as well as to make it more efficient and takes less time in doing it. On the other hand, when doing the work manually, it can be time consuming and efficiency will not be as high when compared to a machine. The workers should then be able or trained to use the necessary machines or equipment required for the specific job. Computer aided designs were used in order to automate the design process making changes easier and as a result reducing the design time. 3 dimensional job rendering were designed to fully explain the proposed computer design. Computer aided estimation gives them accurate information on bid pricing and provide detail estimates, which concealed with the contract and shows plans to give a completed cost analysis of the project. On the other hand traditional carpentry Businesses were not able to design carpentry programs on the designing market. Computer has now lightened the work of the secretary. Computers are used to store important information, to create geometric models, objects, structures as well as assemblies. The company purchased relatively cheap software which is capable of multidimensional communication include sound, prints, graphics, animation, which resulted in the company’s development and growth. The machines that were used on the building site were a mechanical cement mixer, an electric saw, tile cutters, bulldozers (for land clearing), drill, chainsaws etc. Therefore less manual labour would be required to get the job done. As a result some employees would be fired since there is no need for them because it only takes one or two persons to operate the machine. The impact of technology provides jobs for skilled persons and takes away from unskilled workers. Environmental Factors To minimise environmental impact it is important to understand the link between various construction activities and the potential for these activities to impact on the environment. The environment is defined as living things, their physical, biological and social surroundings and the interactions between all of these. Environmental management measures will depend on the nature of the site activities and the sensitivity of the project area and surrounding land. For example, excavations resulting in steep slopes are likely to lead to soil erosion and water quality problems downstream and will require the installation of erosion protection measures. IMPORTANT STEPS TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 1. Walk the construction route to identify the limit of vegetation clearance, significant vegetation, ‘no go’ areas, locations for stockpiles, plant compounds and access roads. 2. Clearly identify the extent of the construction area and those areas to remain undisturbed. 3. Ensure machinery and equipment are clean before bringing to site. 4. Keep work and vehicles within the construction area. 5. Keep machinery and stockpiles on cleared areas. 6. Use the appropriate machinery for the task. 7. Plan vegetation removal (do not clear vegetation unnecessarily). 8. Topsoil should be stripped and stockpiled for use as soon as practicable. 9. Protect and maintain site erosion control measures, such as: replacing temporary cut-off drains at the end of the day’s work minimise exposed soil and slopes avoid damage to erosion control measures replace damaged erosion control measures, including silt fences, temporary bunds and straw bales Ensure the works drain to the erosion/sedimentation control structures. 10. Ensure waste is controlled and disposed of correctly. 11. Clean equipment before moving to another site. 12. If unsure about any environmental controls contact the site supervisor. Major Findings The researcher has observed that during the inspection of various construction sites, several rules are being broken. Some of the rules being broken on the construction site are as follows: No protective clothing, gear or helmet were worn by most of the workers on the construction site. Steel rods, nails and other sharp materials were left exposed on the worksite which would result in severe injuries to workers. Exposed electrical wires were seen on the walls, ceiling as well as on floors. At some construction sites, scrap material such as pieces of wood chippings, pipes, wires, empty cement bags etc. were scattered all around the worksite making it look unkempt and untidy. Recommendations The researcher recommends that the foreman or contractor should enforce rules and regulations on the construction site to their workers inclusive of: Workers should be trained on how to use power tools. Insulate all exposed electrical wire on the walls, floors and ceiling. Ensure that all of the workers clean up their various working area when finished working on the building site. Workers should wear their safety gears at all times. Exposed materials should be taken care of. That is, cover up all the steel rod and bend all the nails on the floor so that workers don’t injure themselves. Conclusion In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of human multitasking. Normally, the job is managed by a project manager, and supervised by a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project architect. A building site can be a dangerous environment. Powerful machinery, hazardous materials, scaffolding and trenches create risks for the building workers and other people in the construction area. For the successful execution of a project, effective planning is essential. Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider the environmental impact of the job, the successful scheduling, budgeting, construction site safety, availability of building materials, logistics, and inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays etc. Bibliography

Tuesday, April 21, 2020

Soft Skills free essay sample

ACME Memo To: Company President From: ME Date: Soft Skills Training After the last project review one area that needs to be improved is our communication not only with the stakeholder, but vendors and our team as well. Having gone through soft skills training before while in the Marine Corps, before I was assigned to recruiting duty, I know that soft skills training will have a positive impact on our team and improve our overall bottom line and limit communication breakdowns that have caused extra costs and completing projects after the due date. Due to the size of our company and that we are always involved in ongoing projects I would suggest that we use an online training company. This will also reduce costs because we will not have reimburse for travel costs. Using an online company will also allow us to control the environment in which our staff in being trained. We will write a custom essay sample on Soft Skills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another option would be to bring in a company to do in house soft skills training. Train Smart would be a company that I would suggest they offer many services, but the one that would benefit us and our customers the most would be heir tailored soft skills training. This would benefit all parts of our company as they offer leadership, HR, management, communication, and team building soft skills programs. They also work with a wide variety of industries many of who we also work with this can only help us in the long run if we decide to partner with them. The online tools that they offer can also assist us after the initial training. Part of our Job as project managers is to evaluate each project and find ways to improve for the next project while making our customers happier with our service, hich in the end will only bolster our profits and reputation. Soft Skills are very important as you know and if we as a company can get all levels from the installation team to upper management on the same page while communicating we can have the entire company speaking the same language. I have attached a link to the website for Train Smart for you to review whether we decide to use Train Smart or another company soft skills training is without a doubt a needed item for us to improve for our customers. Soft Skills By FightingIrish0414

Thursday, April 16, 2020

Easy Skills That Help You Understand The Language

Easy Skills That Help You Understand The LanguageAssimilate the effective use of AP Language Sample Essay. It is important to recognize how an individual analyzes what is said in a particular topic. It's a skill that are hard to teach, and yet is so vital that it may well be taught by mastering how language samples can be used effectively.The problems with learning the English language, is that the verb form is almost always changed and also that the verbs of action are often set in different orders. For example, it's quite possible to ask 'Where's Bob?' or 'What time is it?'When one works on the language portion of his or her AP exam, the first thing he or she must do is to recognize when the sentences he or she needs to write are well written and when they need improvement. While this sounds like it would be incredibly difficult, it is actually very easy because everything can be studied in the sample essays that are available. This is done because the program not only makes sure t hat every word is correct, but also recognizes the fact that words change their meaning based on context.For example, when looking at the word pair 'positive' in the sample essay that is set up, the word pairs will be differentiated from each other based on which subject they are dealing with. The question is, when is it appropriate to ask someone about 'Positive Feedback?' The point here is to show the student how the language can be combined in various ways and how this can be used in any situation.Many people become frustrated with the work that has to be done, especially when it comes to language. The main thing that helps to make the language easier to understand is to study AP Language Sample Essay. The fact that everything is set up in this manner, and that the essay is meant to be used in a variety of situations, makes it a perfect opportunity for everyone to truly grasp what it means to speak the language.For example, when someone wants to use the language in conversations, he or she should always remember that the word 'should' is different from the word 'should not.' This is because many people have a tendency to think that there is no difference between the two words, when in fact the latter is used when one is thinking that there is something that is wrong with the action. This is where the use of the language is used in order to establish the boundaries and to give the person in question permission to do what he or she knows is right.Another important point that is discussed throughout the AP language course is to know the differences between plural forms. For example, when speaking in English, the term 'people' is not singular, but rather is an indefinite article. This means that there is no way to determine how many people it refers to.When language is used properly put together, it doesn't take long to learn the correct usage of the language and it certainly doesn't take long to grasp the proper grammar. The AP language course also teaches the student how to properly and correctly deliver sentences and to write a variety of topics such as interviews, reports, book reviews, and essays. So if you really want to understand the language, make sure that you take a look at AP Language Sample Essay and see how simple it can be to get started!

Monday, March 16, 2020

Policy and Contexts essays

Policy and Contexts essays For the following assignment, I will summarise and interpret a portfolio of documents and commentaries I have collected that address the study of Policy and Contexts. First, I will provide full bibliographical reference to each piece of literature, along with a brief background and the main ideas that have been conveyed. I will then draw out and describe some of the discourses in the literature, indicating the assumptions and values about various elements involved in the field of trade union training in the Australian Manufacturing Workers Union (AMWU). Newman, M 1993, Union culture, in The third contract: Theory and practice in trade union training, Stewart Victor Publishing, pp. 15-20. This chapter is contained in an award-winning book (Houle Award for Literature in Adult Education) written by Michael Newman. He has extensive experience as an adult educator, working in both the United Kingdom and Australia in the fields of community, tertiary and trade union education. Currently, he is a senior lecturer at the University of Technology, Sydney, in the School of Adult and Language Education. The aim of this chapter is to provide its audience with an awareness that although there are significant cultural differences between many unions, there are also many factors that contribute to a general union culture that exists throughout the whole union movement. Newman begins the chapter by outlining what some peoples perception of what the union movement is. He then attempts to enlighten the reader by providing a general definition, along with some examples of how unions differ from each other. An explanation of the structural changes that were taking place within the union movement is then presented, along with some examples of the difficulties that occur when the cultures from different unions have to come together to work as one. The remainder of the chapter then looks at five factors that contribut...